Table 5 Ordinary probit regression of the four coping strategies. Note: Parameter estimates are elasticities

Climate/geographic variables

 Precipitation

 − .912 (− 2.23)^b

 − 2.759 (− 2.91)^b

2.362 (3.37)^c

 − .005 (− .01)

2.305 (4.36)^c

 Temperature

 − 1.262 (− 2.11)^b

.387 (− .31)

6.156 (5.25)^c

 − 3.579 (− 4.40)^c

3.499 (4.04)^c

 Population density

 − .267 (− 2.78)^c

 − .045 (− .22)

 − .268 (− 151)

.333 (2.91)^c

.216 (1.79)^a

Tenure dummies (baseline: no deed)

 Community title deed

.116 (2.36)^b

.520 (4.17)^c

 − .151 (− 1.77)

 − .165 (− 2.94)^b

 − .100 (− 1.54)

 Private title deed

.019 (1.35)

.048 (1.30)

 − .033 (− 1.31)

 − .028 (− 1.73)

 − .022 (− 1.20)

Livestock ownership dummies

 Owns cattle

− .055 (− .40)

.364 (1.24)

1.084 (5.05)^c

 − .419 (− 2.28)^b

.525 (3.26)^c

 Owns goats

.317 (1.28)

.219 (.36)

.364 (.69)

.662 (2.42)^b

 − .040 (− .12)

 Owns sheep

 − .068 (− .50)

.463 (1.63)

.153 (.60)

 − .204 (− 1.15)

 − .059 (− .33)

 Owns camels

 − .019 (− .56)

 − .0003 (− .004)

.159 (2.42)^b

 − .132 (− 2.92)^c

 − .172 (− 3.87)^c

Demographic variables

 Male hh head

 − .034 (− .40)

 − .282 (− 1.59)

 − .305 (− 1.87)^a

.311 (2.89)^c

.048 (.41)

 Age of hh head

.582 (2.93)^c

 − .654 (− 1.67)

 − 1.280 (− 3.40)^c

.607 (2.29)^b

 − .526 (− 1.83)^a

 School years hh head

.084 (1.12)

 − .153 (− .89)

 − .162 (− 1.11)

.176 (1.84)^a

.078 (.80)

 Hh size

.000 (.004)

.350 (1.65)

.216 (1.15)

.111 (.77)

.181 (1.24)

McFadden pseudo R-squared

.102

.144

.204

.144

.251

No. of obs

485