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Research, Policy and Practice

Table 4 Trend of seasonal and annual temperatures in the study rangelands (1981–2018)

From: Temporal climate conditions and spatial drought patterns across rangelands in pastoral areas of West Guji and Borana zones, Southern Ethiopia

Study areas

Mann–Kendall trend (Z test)

Sen’s slope (Q)

Spring (MAM)

Autumn (SON)

Annual

Spring (MAM)

Autumn (SON)

Annual

Tmx

Tmn

Mean

Tmx

Tmn

Mean

Tmx

Tmn

Mean

Tmx

Tmn

Mean

Tmx

Tmn

Mean

Tmx

Tmn

Mean

Duda rangeland

 − 2.3c

0.2

 − 1.8

 − 1.2

2.0c

 − 0.3

 − 2.0c

1.0

 − 1.2

 − 0.03

0.002

 − 0.02

 − 0.02

0.013

 − 0.003

 − 0.02

0.008

 − 0.008

Gomole rangeland

 − 2.0c

 − 1.3

 − 1.8

 − 1.1

4.1b

0.0

 − 0.8

1.8d

 − 0.5

 − 0.03

 − 0.01

 − 0.02

 − 0.02

0.015

0.000

 − 0.009

0.007

 − 0.003

Deru Danfile Kebele

 − 2.8b

 − 1.8d

 − 2.5

 − 1.9d

1.7d

 − 1.4

1.91d

0.58

 − 1.3

 − 0.04

 − 0.01

 − 0.03

 − 0.02

0.009

 − 0.02

 − 0.02

0.004

 − 0.01

Jigesa Nanesa Kebele

 − 2.2c

1.3

 − 1.2

 − 0.7

3.1b

0.4

1.71d

1.94d

 − 0.8

 − 0.04

0.01

 − 0.01

 − 0.01

0.02

0.006

 − 0.025

0.013

 − 0.008

Hema Kinsho Kebele

 − 1.8d

2.7b

0.0b

 − 0.4

3.5a

1.2

 − 1.56

2.60c

0.03

 − 0.03

0.03

0.00

 − 0.01

0.04

0.01

 − 0.02

0.026

0.001

Buya Reera

 − 2.4c

0.5

 − 1.2

 − 0.7

3.2b

0.2

 − 1.43

2.11c

 − 1.0

 − 0.03

0.00

 − 0.02

 − 0.01

0.02

0.002

 − 0.03

0.011

 − 0.09

Yametu Reera

 − 2.3c

 − 0.7

 − 2.0

 − 1.4

3.4b

 − 0.1

1.84d

1.84d

 − 0.3

 − 0.03

0.00

 − 0.02

 − 0.02

0.02

 − 0.001

 − 0.01

0.012

 − 0.001

Didahara Reera

 − 2.1c

 − 1.1

 − 2.0

 − 1.2

3.1b

 − 0.2

0.93

1.63

 − 0.6

 − 0.03

-0.01

 − 0.02

 − 0.02

0.01

 − 0.002

 − 0.008

0.007

 − 0.003

  1. aSignificant at the 0.001 level; bsignificant at the 0.01 level; csignificant at the 0.05 level; dsignificant at the 0.1 level