Traversing the margins: Access to healthcare by Bakarwals in remote and conflict-prone Himalayan regions of Jammu and Kashmir

Pastoralism

Research, Policy and Practice

Table 5 Correlates and determinants of catastrophic expenditure on healthcare

Correlates	Marginal effects
Proportion of elderly people in household	0.234***
Proportion of children in household	0.112
Members with chronic disease in household	0.175**
Wealth quintile (ref = quintile 1)
Quintile 2	0.042
Quintile 3	− 0.116
Quintile 4	− 0.184*
Quintile 5	− 0.391***
Type of facility visited (ref = public)
Private	0.439***
Informal/traditional	− 0.067*
Average illness episodes per family	0.093**
Household head without formal education	0.002
Group (ref = migrants)
Sedentarized	0.10**

***Significant at 1% (p value < 0.01), **significant at 5% (p value < 0.05), and *significant at 10% (p value < 0.10)