Research, Policy and Practice
Table 2 Proportion of immigrants from conflict areas during peak periods of immigration (IRBC 1993; Osaghae and Suberu 2005; Falola 1998; HRW 2003, 2001; IFRC 2011; Higazi 2013)
Period | Conflict | Location | Year | % immigrants from conflict area |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 to 1993 | Religious violence in Katsina by Shi’ite sect of Yahaya Yakubu | Katsina | 1991 | 78 |
Ethno-religious violence over abattoir use and revenue control in Bauchi | Bauchi | 1991 | ||
Intra-Islamic religious violence stirred up by Izala sect in Kano | Kano | 1991 | ||
Zangon-Kataf riots over market location and revenue control | Southern Kaduna | 1992 | ||
1999 to 2003 | Ethno-religious clashes between Hausa-Fulani and southern Kaduna indigenes | Southern Kaduna | 1999 | 64 |
Protests against the introduction of Sharia | Kaduna | 2000, 2001 | ||
Protests against ‘Miss World’ contest and related ‘blasphemous’ newspaper article | Kaduna, Abuja, Lagos | 2002 | ||
Natural resource conflict, political and ethno-religious crisis between Hausa-Fulani ‘settlers’ and Plateau indigenes | Plateau | 2001 | ||
2007 to 2011 | Natural resource conflict, political and ethno-religious crisis between Hausa-Fulani ‘settlers’ and Plateau Indigenes | Plateau | 2008, 2010, 2011 | 78 |
Election crisis of 2011 across Northern Nigeria | Kano, Kaduna, Bauchi, Gombe, Niger and Bornu | 2011 | ||
At least 10 isolated ethno-religious clashes across six local governments | Southern Kaduna | 2011 |