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Research, Policy and Practice

Table 3 Status of use and change indicators of protected kraal piosphere

From: Piospheric influence on forage species composition and abundance in semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda

Use and change indicators

Distance outward from the piosphere

Overall average

25 m

50 m

75 m

100 m

Litter cover (%)

 Very low

33.3

45.5

33.3

25.0

34.3

 Low

66.7

54.5

66.7

75.0

65.7

Trampling intensity (%)

 Overall trampling intensity

100

100

90

75

91.3

 High

0

0

10

25

8.7

 Very high

100

100

90

75

91.3

Soil surface hardness (%)

 Hard

27.3

27.3

33.3

41.7

32.4

 Very hard

63.6

63.6

58.3

50.0

58.9

 Loose

9.1

9.1

8.3

8.3

8.7

Percent exposure

 

80.6

85.2

83.9

78.3

Plant height (m)

0.5

0.6

0.6

1.0

100

  1. Erosion signs, rills, gullies, litter dams and pedestals were present in all the protected kraals