Research, Policy and Practice
Ecosystem services | Indicators used in the case study |
---|---|
Supporting: | Â |
Soil formation, primary production, nutrient cycling | Â |
Regulating | Â |
Population and keystone species control through trophic-dynamic relations, stabilising species balance. | -Balance between wolves, reindeer, wild forest reindeer, and moose. |
Enhancing the reproduction of important species by suitable living and reproduction habitats. | -Estimation of the predator / wolf densities in the reindeer pastures and habitats. |
 | The availability of prey animals for predators. |
Improving species resistance to disturbances e.g. by maintaining gene pools and viability of species populations. | -Ability of wolves to move across borders and exchange genes with different sub-populations. |
 | -Estimation whether the number of wolves will increase or decrease. |
Provisioning | Â |
Primary production of extractable, which are utilised in hunting, gathering, herding, berry picking etc. | -Estimation of number of reindeer that ecosystem sustains. |
 | -Estimation about the amount of lichen reindeer can utilise. |
Sociocultural | -The availability of assumingly attractive landscapes and activities within those. |
Environments and landscapes that support ecotourism, recreation and outdoor activities. | Â |
Existence of utilisable or otherwise valued species. | -The availability of assumingly attractive species (e.g. predators, but also reindeer). |